
Traffic Light Kit
Build your traffic light and discover how electricity controls the colours.
EGP 259
What you will learn
- A circuit must be a complete, closed path for electricity to flow.
- The battery supplies the energy, and the clip chooses which circuit is completed.
- An LED converts part of the electrical energy into light.
- An LED only lights when it is connected the right way round, positive to positive.
- Each traffic light colour has a meaning — stop, get ready, go.
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In this box you will build a small traffic light with three coloured LEDs, then discover the science that makes it work: the electric circuit, the LED, and what each colour on the signal means.
Touch the clip to the first screw and green lights up; move it along and yellow, then red, take over. Inside, you have built three separate circuits that share one battery.
The science inside
Three circuits. One battery.
Each LED has its own circuit and they share the black wire. Touch the clip to a screw and only that circuit is completed, so only that colour lights.
- 1Battery supplies energy
- 2Clip chooses the circuit
- 3One LED lights
What's in the box
- Wooden board and three screws
- Battery holder
- Three coloured LEDs — red, yellow and green
- Crocodile clip
- Red and black wires
- Cable tie
- Heat-shrink tubing
- Adhesive tape
- Assembly and experiments manual
You will also need
- Batteries for the holder
- A heat source for the heat-shrink tubing (adult use only)
The journey of the energy
Energy never disappears — it changes from one form into another.
- BatteryChemical energy
- Clip and wiresElectrical energy
- LEDLight, and a little heat
Try it yourself
The traffic game
Drive a toy car towards the light, and ask a friend to change the colour to make it stop or go.
Signal timer
Light green for 10 seconds, yellow for 3, then red for 10. Use a clock to keep time.
A coloured message
Agree with a friend on a meaning for each colour, then send them a message using only the light.
A pedestrian signal
Draw a signal for people crossing the road. How many colours does it need, and why?
Predict first
If you take one battery out, will the LEDs still light? Decide, then test it.
Think like an engineer
How could the light change colour by itself, without the clip? Write down two ideas.
Safety rules
- Check which way round the LEDs and the batteries go before switching on.
- Take the batteries out after playing, and keep the wires away from water.
- Ask an adult to heat the heat-shrink tubing. Never use a lighter on your own.
- The kit contains small parts, so keep it away from young children.
Some steps need an adult alongside